For you to understand and enjoy learning about the government of Mexico, this compares the U.S government to Mexico's government so that you have some background knowledge.
Mexico started speaking Spanish in the 1600, during the Spanish colonization. Mexico has a federal presidential republic. This means that they are governed by elected officials. Their government is divided into three branches, like the US government. Mexico and the United States both have an executive branch, a legislative branch, and a judicial branch. They all have different uses. This essay will describe all three separately, starting with the executive branch.
The executive branch’s job is to successfully execute laws and appoint or elect officials. The head of the executive branch is the President of the United States of Mexico, whose name is Claudia Sheinbuam but when this was written the President was Andrés Manuel López Obrador. He was elected in July of 2018 after running twice before. He won the election by a landslide. One of the most deadly jobs in Mexico is running for office because of local criminal groups. An awful milestone that Mexico has achieved is having 36 or more people hoping to run for office have been killed since June of 2023.
The next branch is the legislative branch. They are centered in the capital of Mexico, which is Mexico City. Mexico has a bicameral legislature, which means that they have two groups or chambers in the legislature that do the deciding. The U.S. also has a bicameral legislature that's a little different. The word bi means two, and cameral means of or relating to the legislative branch, according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary. Mexico has a Congress of the Union, and a Senate of the Republic, while the U.S. has a House of Representatives and a Senate.
The last branch of government is the judicial branch, which is the courts. There are three levels of courts: the Low Court, the High Court, and the Supreme Court. The courts decide and interpret the law. Mexico has a civil law system, which means that they are based on Roman law. One problem with the Mexican system of law is that many Mexicans don’t believe in, or trust the police, courts, and government, so often violent crimes are not reported and therefore not dealt with.
There is a ranking system for the most democratic states. Mexico is ranked 90th in the world compared to the U.S. which is ranked 36th. You may think that this is close to the most democratic country, but you should consider that in 2010 they were ranked 50th in the world. All of this is to prove that hopefully the Mexican government is growing and learning from their mistakes, but from what the democracy rankings tell us it doesn't look like they are fast tracking to improve any time soon.
Why Are So Many Mexican Election Candidates Getting Killed? - The New York Times
Ranking of Countries by Quality of Democracy
Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador | Britannica
The Structure of Mexico's Government - Explainer | Wilson Center
Mexico's Parliament and other political institutions
Claudia Sheinbaum Makes History as First Woman Elected to Lead Mexico
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